The enchanting Kingdom of Bhutan, nestled in the lap of the Eastern Himalayas, is a haven for travellers seeking tranquillity, cultural charm, and nature’s bounty. As one embarks on a journey to this mystical land, understanding certain key elements like visa requirements, routes to reach, best time to visit, travel costs, local customs, and cuisine can significantly enrich the experience. This comprehensive guide aims to equip the keen explorer with valuable insight into the intriguing aspects of Bhutan, be it the bustling cities of Thimphu, Paro, and Punakha, the peaceful sanctum of its monasteries and fortresses or the captivating allure of its biodiversity.
Visa, Travel Documents, and Getting There
Visa and Travel Documents Requirements
Travelling to Bhutan is a unique experience. However, as with every international trip, certain travel documents and visas are required. Foreign visitors must obtain a visa before travelling to Bhutan. The visa application is processed by your approved Bhutanese tour operator or one of their international partners. The visa must be approved prior to your arrival in Bhutan and costs around $40 US.
It’s imperative to carry valid passports with at least six months of validity from the date of departure from Bhutan. You should also carry a printed copy of your visa clearance document which will be emailed to you by your tour operator. On arrival, present these documents along with two passport-sized photos.
Getting to Bhutan
There are two ways of getting into Bhutan: by air and by land.
Bhutan’s national carrier, Druk Air, and Bhutan Airlines both provide international flights into Bhutan’s Paro International airport. It’s the only airport in Bhutan that caters to international tourists. Druk Air has flights that connect Bhutan with India, Nepal, Singapore, Bangkok and Bangladesh.
In terms of routes, travelers often stop by in cities like Bangkok, Kathmandu, New Delhi, Dhaka, and Guwahati in Assam (India) before making their final landing in Paro. The flight into Paro is one of the most spectacular with views of the Himalayan ranges, including the revered mountain Chomolhari and Jichu Drake.
You can also enter Bhutan by land via India. The city of Phuentsholing in south Bhutan is the usual entry point, and it is easily accessible from West Bengal. Land entry/exit is also possible through the Indian states of Assam and West Bengal. You will need Indian visas if you wish to enter or exit Bhutan through India.
Whether one chooses to travel by air or land, it’s always important to check and meet the entry requirements so as to have a smooth journey to the land of the Thunder Dragon, also known as Bhutan.
Reliable Airlines and Routes
Reliable airlines that frequently travel to Bhutan include Bhutan’s national carrier Druk Air and Bhutan Airlines. Druk Air covers routes from Singapore, Kathmandu, Dhaka and multiple cities in India like Delhi, Kolkata and Guwahati to Paro, Bhutan. Bhutan Airlines offers flights from Bangkok and Delhi to Paro.
These airlines are known for their reliability and on-time performance, as well as for the kind hospitality characteristic of Bhutanese culture. For any traveler keen on making a journey to Bhutan, these airlines provide a comfortable, reliable, and convenient means of transportation.
Stay Informed of Travel Advisories
It is crucial to remain current with the most recent travel advisories and heed all safety advice and rules outlined by the Bhutanese government and tour operators. The Kingdom of Bhutan places a premium on Gross National Happiness, meaning that as a traveller, you’re expected to respect and contribute to this ethos.
Best Time to Visit and Travel Destinations
Optimal Time to Visit Bhutan
In arranging your trip to Bhutan, it’s wise to keep in mind the country’s distinctive weather patterns, which are broken down into three specific seasons: Spring, Monsoon, and Autumn.
Spring, spanning from March to May, offers agreeable weather and breathtaking floral panoramas, making it ideal for nature enthusiasts. Expect temperatures to hover between 16 – 20 degrees Celsius. This period is also conducive for bird-watching and attending the local significant event, Paro Tshechu.
Monsoon season, running from June to August, is often overlooked by tourists. Being the recipient of the Indian monsoons, the country experiences periodical heavy downpours, causing it to be relatively warmer with temperatures reaching 24 – 25 degrees Celsius. However, the unpredictability of rains could cause temporary interruptions in sightseeing schedules.
Autumn, from September to November, is arguably the most favourable time to visit Bhutan. The vistas portray an enthralling showcase of vibrant, sharp hues, the skies remain invariably clear providing splendid views of the Himalayas, while the weather is pleasingly moderate, with temperatures averaging around 20 degrees Celsius.
Bhutan operates a variety of festivals throughout the year, but the most well-liked, such as Thimphu Tshechu and Black-Necked Crane Festival, occur in Autumn.
Exploring Thimphu, Paro, and Punakha
Bhutan’s capital, Thimphu, offers a unique blend of modern and traditional Bhutanese culture. A visit to the revered Memorial Chorten, a stupa dedicated to world peace, is a must for every traveller. If you’re an art enthusiast, check out artistic renderings at the National Textile Museum or the Voluntary Artists Studio.
Paro, an hour’s drive away from Thimphu, is home to many of Bhutan’s oldest monasteries and temples. The famed Taktsang Monastery (Tiger’s Nest) – marked as the spiritual heart of Bhutan, offers both an insightful and picturesque trek. The Paro Rinpung Dzong fortress is another architectural masterpiece worth visiting.
A few hours away is Punakha, the ancient capital of Bhutan, known for its stunning landscapes and the beautiful Punakha Dzong. Bordered by two rivers, Mo Chhu and Pho Chhu (Mother and Father River), it’s a treat for nature enthusiasts.
Exploring Bhutan: Monasteries, Fortresses, and Natural Wonders
Notably, Bhutan is distinguished for its plethora of ancient monasteries; a vivid example of this rich heritage is the Punakha Dzong – a historic 17th-century fortress strategically located at the confluence of two rivers. Not to be outdone is the impressive Tiger’s Nest Monastery, daringly perched on a cliff-face at an astounding altitude.
Bhutan’s fortresses–also known as Dzongs–are distinctive architectural marvels that provide a fascinating insight into the country’s regal past. Sites such as Trongsa Dzong (Bhutan’s largest Dzong) and Simtokha Dzong (the oldest Dzong) are considered must-see locations for any visitor.
Indeed, a significant allure of Bhutan emanates from its astoundingly diverse ecosystem. With over 70% of its landscape consist of forest reserves, Bhutan boasts an extraordinary variety of flora and fauna. From the rare Black-necked Crane to the Blue Poppy (national flower), Bhutan’s biodiversity promises an unrivalled experience for anyone keen on exploring nature.
But do bear in mind, Bhutan isn’t just any country; it’s a distinctive realm where happiness is held supreme, and where tradition, culture, and the natural world come alive in a magnificent blend. An expedition through this tranquil kingdom will unquestionably leave an indelible mark in your life.
Travel Costs, Currency, and Accommodation
Travelling in Bhutan: A Guide on Travel Costs and the Daily Tariff
A unique aspect of visiting Bhutan involves a daily tariff enforced by the government on foreign tourists. This tariff serves to temper the impact of mass tourism on Bhutan’s unspoiled environment and cherished heritage. Tariff rates take heed of the tour season, with high season months (March, April, May, September, October, and November) priced at $250 USD per individual per night. By contrast, the low season (the remaining months) sees the daily tariff reduced to $200 USD per individual per night.
This imposed tariff incorporates a wide range of services into a comprehensive package which includes: stay, meals, a private tour guide, domestic travel, and admission to tourist attractions. When planning your trip to Bhutan, it is crucial to contemplate this all-inclusive scheme, as it essentially incorporates most of your prospective expenses into this daily fee.
The Bhutanese Currency and Exchange
The official currency of Bhutan is the Ngultrum, tied at par with the Indian Rupee, which is also accepted throughout the country. Visa and MasterCard are widely accepted in larger towns and hotels though it’s practical to carry Ngultrum for use in smaller towns or rural areas.
Currency can be exchanged in the Bank of Bhutan or Bhutan National Bank, both found in major towns. The exchange rates are government regulated. It’s important to keep transaction receipts, as these are required for any conversion of Ngultrum back to foreign currency on departure.
ATM Accessibility in Bhutan
ATMs are available in Bhutan, with more prominence in major towns like Thimphu, Paro, Punakha, and Wangdue Phodrang. However, they don’t always work with foreign cards, or they might be out of service, so it’s safer not to rely on them extensively. Always have some cash handy.
Accommodation in Bhutan: For All Budgets
Accommodation is part of the daily tariff and is usually offered in 3-star hotels approved by the Tourism Council of Bhutan. These are comfortable establishments with private bathrooms, electricity, and WiFi. Examples include the Tashi Yoedling Hotel in Thimphu or the Tenzinling Resort in Paro.
For those seeking a more luxurious experience at an additional cost, there are 4 and 5-star options available. Aman Kora and the exotic Taj Tashi in Thimphu, Zhiwa Ling in Paro, and Gangtey Lodge in Gangtey are just a few luxurious choices offering world-class service, luxurious amenities, and breathtaking views of the landscapes of Bhutan.
Budget-friendlier options such as farm stays for a more immersive cultural experience can be arranged but have to be negotiated separately with tour operators, as they don’t typically fall under the scope of the daily tariff.
For more intrepid travellers seeking the rustic charm of nature, Bhutan has designated camping sites throughout the country, generally used for trekking. Decent tent equipment and cooking facilities are provided by trekking tour packages. Among favoured camping sites are Jomolhari Base Camp and those along the Druk Path Trek.
Regardless of whether you’re planning a budget trip or intending to indulge in luxury travel, Bhutan can accommodate a variety of traveller necessities. However, it’s crucial to remember that the daily tariff that encompasses the majority of travel expenses is a fixed-rate. If you’re seeking add-ons not included in this tariff, such as deluxe accommodation, these would come at an additional cost.
Culture, Cuisine, and Etiquettes
Bhutan’s Cultural Heritage
Ensconced in the lofty eastern Himalayas, Bhutan is a nation rich in unique cultural traditions that it has studiously retained over centuries. A strong influence of Buddhism, the national religion, defines the cultural matrix of Bhutan. The Bhutanese people are active followers of Buddhism which can be seen in the depiction of numerous monasteries, prayer flags, and religious festivals which are commonplace throughout the kingdom.
Art and Language
Bhutanese art is generally characterized by the presence of spiritual themes featuring Buddhist deities and figures. The country is famed for its thangkas (religious scroll paintings), statues, and carved wood items. A distinctive form of Bhutanese art is the painted house decorations, known as ‘Lhazo’, featuring intricate designs in vibrant colours. The official language of Bhutan is Dzongkha, with many distinct dialects spoken throughout the region. Although English is also widely understood and used in official matters, tourists may find it beneficial to learn a few phrases of Dzongkha to fully immerse in the local culture and communicate effectively.Cuisine
Bhutanese cuisine is heavily influenced by its neighbours China, Tibet, and India, but it has some distinctive characteristics. Bhutanese food is known for its spiciness, generous use of chillies, cheese, and local ingredients. ‘Ema Datshi’, a spicy dish made of chilli and cheese, is considered the national dish. Other must-try delicacies include ‘Jasha Maru’ (spicy chicken), ‘Phaksha Paa’ (pork with red chillies), and ‘Red Rice’. Restaurants in Thimphu, the capital city, offer diverse dining options from Bhutanese to international cuisine. Recommended establishments include “Folk Heritage Museum Restaurant” for traditional Bhutanese food and “Ambient Cafe” for modern fusion.Etiquettes and Customs
Travellers to Bhutan are advised to observe certain social and cultural etiquettes to show respect to the citizens and their traditions. Photography is generally allowed, but there are certain areas, primarily religious sites, where it is considered disrespectful. One should refrain from smoking in public areas, as Bhutan is the first nation in the world to ban tobacco. Similarly, public displays of affection are not commonplace and could be frowned upon. Always use your right hand or both hands to give or receive. Lastly, when visiting monasteries or dzongs (fortresses), one should dress modestly by covering arms and legs and removing hats. Always walk clockwise around religious sites or internal shrines.Despite its deeply ingrained traditions and customs, Bhutan remains an open and welcoming country, ready to share this unique and harmonious blend of culture, spirituality, and natural beauty with those who venture to its scenic landscape. As a traveller, respecting this rich heritage is a salient part of any visit to this land of the thunder dragon.
Bhutan’s allure lies not only in the sheer beauty of its landscape but also in its vibrant culture, preserved heritage and the warm hospitality of its people. Whether it’s the colourful festivals, delectable cuisine or intricate aspects of etiquette, every facet of this intriguing nation tells a beautiful story. With the right balance of information and adventure, this guide seeks to unravel the many layers of Bhutan. So prepare to immerse yourself in the harmonious blend of tradition and nature, creating memories and experiences that will resonate in your hearts long after your journey ends.
