Welcome to your ultimate guide to Belgium, a splendid nation teeming with rich history, vibrant cities, tantalising cuisine, and captivating landscapes. Belgium, renowned for its seemingly endless array of beers, exquisite chocolate, and world-class waffles, is only the tip of the iceberg when it comes to experiencing the country. As you venture deeper, you’ll discover the treasures it has to offer, be it through the Gothic squares of Brussels, the picturesque canals of Bruges, the artistic vibrancy of Antwerp, or the undisturbed tranquillity of its natural parks. Prepare to immerse yourself in the cultural tapestry of Belgium, to learn about its traditions and customs, and to navigate your travel with an easy-to-follow guide that covers every aspect of your journey. Welcome to Belgium, where fairy-tales, reality, and dreams beautifully converge.
Belgian Cities & Attractions
Brussels: The Heart of Europe
Belgium’s capital and largest city, Brussels, is considered the de facto capital of the European Union. It’s globally renowned for the Grand-Place, an exquisite market square surrounded by opulent guildhalls and the imposing 15th-century city hall. Do not miss the Atomium, an iconic modernist structure representing a molecular crystal expanded 165 billion times, offering panoramic views of the city. Additionally, the city is home to numerous internationally-acclaimed museums. The Royal Museums of Fine Arts, Brussels focusing on Belgian artists such as René Magritte, is a museum-goer’s dream.
Antwerp: Diamond City
Antwerp, situated to the north of the country, is Belgium’s renowned “Diamond City”. The Antwerp Zoo is one of the oldest and best in the world. Antwerp is equally famous for the Cathedral of Our Lady, housing important works by Antwerp’s greatest 17th-century painter, Peter Paul Rubens. The city’s vibrant fashion and entertainment scene is a must for lifestyle tourists, with the Fashion Museum ModeMuseum being a particular highlight.
Bruges: Venice of the North
The medieval city of Bruges, often called the Venice of the North due to its beautiful canals, is an impressively well-preserved real-life fairy tale setting. Central to the city’s charm is the distinguished Belfry with its panoramic city views. Bruges’ Church of Our Lady, housing Michelangelo’s Madonna and Child, and the Groeninge Museum renowned its collection of Flemish painting, are historical landmarks not to be missed.
Ghent: A Blend of Modern and Medieval
Ghent presents an enchanting mix of modern urban life and medieval history. Wander through the Ghent Alterpiece at St Bavo’s Cathedral, home to Van Eyck’s world-famous ‘Adoration of the Mystic Lamb’, and explore the Castle of The Counts, a fortified castle with a fascinating past. With vibrant nightlife, Ghent’s bars serve exceptional local beer till late.
Liège: Cultural and Natural Wonder
Liège, nestled in the rolling landscapes of Wallonia, is rich in cultural and natural wonders. The Royal Opera of Wallonia and Boverie Museum are cultural landmarks. The Sunday Batte Market, Belgium’s largest market, offers a unique local shopping experience. Don’t forget to try a Liège Waffle, a famous local delicacy.
Belgium’s Hidden Gems
Belgium is not just about well-known sights. Enrich your travel experience by taking a walk through the Sonian Forest in Brussels, spotting street art in Antwerp, tasting real Belgian chocolate in Bruges, joining the lively student atmosphere in Ghent, or hiking the beautiful valleys around Liège. Beyond the major cities, places like Waterloo, where Napoleon’s army was defeated, and the Trappist Abbeys, where monks brew some of the world’s best beers, hold their own intrigue.
Embark on a Memorable Journey
Prepare to immerse yourself in the idyllic landscape of Belgium as you meander through its myriad flatlands by bicycle or take a leisurely river cruise along its serene canals. Catering to a range of interests – from history and art to cuisine and outdoor pursuits, Belgium lures in visitors with its rich, varied and unequalled array of tourist offerings.
Belgian Culture & Traditions
The Weave of Belgian Culture and Customs
At its core, Belgium is a tapestry of two cultures – the Flemish representation in the North and the French-speaking Wallonia population in the South. This combined identity embeds a fascinating fusion of traditions, happenings, and delicacies within the country’s fabric.
Key to appreciating Belgium’s unique culture is acknowledging its linguistic diversity. The tongue spoken varies by region: Dutch reigns in the Flemish area, French is used widely in Wallonia, whilst a small section in the East communicates in German. Belgium’s rich tapestry of languages owes much to the historical shifts of power, with significant influences ranging from the Roman Empire to neighbouring countries like the Netherlands and France moulding its distincitve cultural identity.
Art and Music of Belgium
Belgium has an illustrious history in art, birthing the surrealism movement and being home to iconic artists like René Magritte and Paul Delvaux. The country’s art scene brims with creativity and innovation, apparent in its many art museums and exhibitions. The Royal Museum of Fine Arts, for instance, possesses over 20,000 drawings, sculptures, and paintings that span from the early 15th century to the present.
Belgian music is no less impressive. The country has renowned musical exports, such as the jazz musician Toots Thielemans and singer-songwriter Jacques Brel. Each year, music-lovers from all around the globe visit for the world-famous Tomorrowland music festival.
Belgian Festivals and Customs
Considered a land of festivals, Belgium hosts all kinds of events around the year. The most famous is probably the Carnaval de Binche marked by its Gilles – men in vibrant costumes throwing oranges into the crowd. The Zinneke parade, a biennial event in Brussels, celebrates the multicultural diversity of the city. Belgium also remembers its war veterans annually on Armistice Day, a custom that is observed nationwide.
Belgian Cuisine
Belgian cuisine is often dubbed as being served in the quantity of German cuisine but with the quality of French food. The foremost representations of this cuisine globally are arguably Belgian waffles and chocolates. Belgian chocolate, with its high-quality cocoa and artisanal production methods, has set the standard for chocolates worldwide.
As for beers, Belgium boasts about 1,600 different original beers. A must-try is the Trappist beer, still brewed within Trappist monasteries under the control and responsibility of monks. The country even has a museum dedicated to beer – The Belgian Brewers Museum in Brussels.
The social etiquette of dining in Belgium is formal, with great importance on good manners and politeness. From the time-honoured practice of serving ladies first to the correct use of dining ware, understanding these cultural intricacies can add to a more authentic Belgian experience.
Social Etiquette in Belgium
Social etiquette in Belgium is built on a foundation of respect and politeness. This manifests in the language, such as the traditional use of formal pronouns until a certain level of friendship has been reached. When greeting someone, a brief handshake is standard, or three alternating kisses on the cheek among friends. Punctuality, neat appearance and respect for personal space are other keystones of Belgian social interactions.
Renowned for its bilingualism, historical significance, dynamic art scene, and gastronomical delights, Belgium offers a distinctive cultural journey for its visitors. Exploring the wealth of artwork in its museums and indulging in the taste of its handcrafted chocolates enables travellers to immerse themselves in the intricate weave of Belgian culture and traditions. The result is a Belgian experience that is truly unforgettable.
Practical Guide to Visiting Belgium
Deciding on the Best Time to Visit
Your ideal time for a Belgian visit will largely depend on your weather preferences and the activities you aim to do. Thanks to its moderate maritime climate, Belgium sees mild summers and relatively cool winters. The most pleasant weather generally falls between May to September, marked by average temperatures of 20 to 25 degrees Celsius. As these months also attract the highest number of tourists, it might be worth considering the shoulder months of April or October for a more peaceful excursion.
With various events like the Brussels Summer Festival, Tomorrowland, and the festive Christmas markets, Belgium offers unique attractions in both summer and winter. However, remember that Belgian weather can be somewhat fickle, therefore, packing a versatile wardrobe is advisable.
Visa Requirements
If you’re a non-EU national wishing to visit or travel within Belgium, you will need a passport valid for at least three months beyond the length of your stay. Citizens from some countries also require a Visa for short stays. Before travelling, it is best to check your status with the Belgian embassy or consulate in your own country.
Getting Around Belgium
Belgium’s public transport system is comprehensive and efficient, including trains, trams, and buses. A rail network connects all major towns, making it easy for tourists to explore. Tickets can be purchased on-board or at ticket booths.
Trams and buses serve cities as well as the Belgian countryside. Metro systems operate in Brussels, offering a fast way to get around the city. “The MOBIB card”, a smart-card system, can be used across all public transportation modes. You can top it up with journey tickets or load it with an unlimited travel pass.
For those who prefer self-drive options, rental cars are available in all major cities and airports. Belgian laws strictly enforce seat belts. Remember that they drive on the right side of the road.
Travel Tips
While Belgium is considered safe, take precautions against petty street crime, particularly in larger cities. Keep an eye on personal belongings in crowded areas and while using public transport. Tap water is safe to drink.
Check local laws before you go; for example, it’s required to carry identification at all times. Also, smoking indoors at restaurants and other public venues is prohibited.
Health and Safety
Make sure you are up-to-date on routine vaccines before travelling to Belgium. Most travellers are at low risk; however, there have been notable outbreaks of measles. Regarding healthcare services, establishments in Belgium are of high standards.
Belgium is part of the Eurozone, utilising the Euro (€) as its currency of choice. Major credit cards are widely recognised and accepted in most establishments. Rest assured, English is frequently spoken, particularly within tourist hotspots and the larger cities. The language does differ regionally, with Flemish (a variant of Dutch) primarily spoken in Flanders, French in Brussels and Wallonia, and a pocket in the east that converses in German.
Accommodation and Dining in Belgium
Premium Lodging Options
For a taste of luxury, Belgium has a delightfully diverse range of upmarket hotels. This is especially true in larger urban areas such as the capital, Brussels or cities like Ghent and Antwerp. The Hotel Amigo in Brussels is worth a mention, nestled just a stone’s throw from the historic Grand Place, it radiates a timeless sophistication. The decorative elements in every room reflect Belgian cultural elements, offering an authentically local experience. If you find yourself in Ghent, the 1898 The Post offers a unique stay within the confines of a refurbished post office, with rooms oozing vintage charm and granting indelible cityscapes. In search of tranquillity in bustling Antwerp? The Augustine, housed within a transformed monastery, offers a calming retreat all while being a leisurely stroll from the main tourist attractions.
Budget Stays
For those travelling on a tighter budget, Belgium offers comfortable and affordable lodging options. The Sleep Well Youth Hostel in Brussels, with its eco-friendly bent, offers clean and contemporary rooms at an affordable fare. The Ecohostel Andromeda in Ghent is a unique, environmentally-friendly houseboat offering a memorable experience for the more adventurous traveller.
Traditional Restaurants
Belgian cuisine is a delightful fusion of French and German inspiration, with a focus on robust flavours and fresh, local ingredients. Comme chez Soi in Brussels is an institution, offering traditional dishes of the highest standard in an elegant setting. For a rustic experience, Volle Gas in Brussels serves hearty traditional dishes with a warm, welcoming atmosphere. Similarly, Flemish Stew House in Bruges serves Belgian classics in a charming, homely setting.
Street Food and Local Markets
Street food is a vital part of the Belgian gastronomic scene, with a delectable variety of foods available from carts and stalls lining Belgian streets. Belgian waffles, known as “liège” or “brussels”, are available at most street corners, dusted with powdered sugar. For those seeking savoury food, “frites” or Belgian fries served with a variety of sauces are a must-try. Local markets are also a food lover’s paradise. The Vismet in Brussels is a bustling fish market, offering only the freshest catch. Meanwhile, the Weekend Market in Antwerp sells an array of local cheeses, cured meats, and fresh produce.
Insider Advice
Renowned for its fascinating history and lively contemporary culture, Belgium offers a medley of delightful accommodation and dining experiences. For an immersive, unique experience, consider staying in pleasant bed and breakfasts located in places like the charming Flemish countryside or the picturesque Ardennes, instead of conventional hotels. On the culinary front, don’t miss out on sampling traditional dishes such as moules-frites (mussels and chips), carbonnade flamande (a hearty beef and beer stew) , or waterzooi (a creamy fish or chicken stew), all complemented by Belgium’s famously varied brews. Making reservations is typically advised in busy establishments. Finally, whilst English is broadly understood, learning a few phrases in French or Dutch can really enrich your interactions with the locals.
Outdoor Activities and Nature in Belgium
The Charm of Belgian Nature
Despite being relatively small, Belgium is brimming with picturesque landscapes that offer a haven for nature enthusiasts. From the undulating scenery of the Ardennes to the tranquillity of the North Sea coast, the diverse topography of the country is a thrill for explorers. With a plethora of stunning parks, dense forests, and delightful coastal resorts on offer, those who have an inclination towards outdoor adventures have much to anticipate in their visit to Belgium.
Popular Parks and Forests
The Belgian countryside abounds in gorgeous parks and dense woodlands that offer striking views and peaceful walking paths. Foremost among these is the High Fens-Eifel Nature Park, spanning the Belgium-Germany border. Its fens, moors, and grassy plains form a stunning backdrop for hiking or bird-watching. The Sonian Forest, near Brussels, is another treasure, harbouring a wide variety of plant and animal life amidst its centuries-old beech and oak trees.
Meanwhile, the Walloon city of Namur, situated at the confluent of Sambre and Meuse rivers, boasts stunning parks such as the Parc de La Plante with its romantically-themed garden and the Citadel of Namur, offering hiking trails with splendid views.
Seaside Resorts
Belgian coastline, adorned with a string of charming towns and serene resorts, is a must-visit for beach aficionados. Blankenberge, with its sandy expanse and bustling pier, comes alive in the summer as one of the country’s most popular seaside resorts. Further down the coast, De Haan retains old-world charm with Belle Époque architecture and a tranquil setting.
Outdoor Activities
Active travellers will be delighted by the myriad activities on offer in this verdant nation. Belgium’s network of well-maintained cycling routes are perfect for leisurely rides or long-distance adventures, with the RAVeL network of paths offering car-free routes that crisscross the Wallonia region.
Hiking is a favourite pastime in Belgium, with beautiful trails in places like the Valley of Ourthe in The Ardennes, drenched in greenery and imbued with calmness, aside from sandy paths in the coastal reserves. Bird-watching, too, is a popular pursuit, particularly in the Harchies-Hensies-Pommeroeul marshes in Hainaut where the variety of bird species is vast.
Belgium Wildlife
For those interested in wildlife, Belgium boasts a wealth of bird species, while its water bodies teem with fish and aquatic species. Deeper into the forested borders, roe deer, boar, and fox roam freely, and occasionally, visitors might catch sight of the rare European lynx. For a more structured view of wildlife, animal parks such as Pairi Daiza showcase a broad range of species in themed gardens.
Best Times To Visit
Taking into account Belgium’s mild weather, the country can be visited at any time of the year. For outdoor pursuits, late spring to early autumn is the best time to visit, with the summer months offering perfect conditions for beach visits and bird-watching, while the forests presenting a radiant display of colour in the autumn months.
Local Environmental Guidelines
While exploring the wild side of Belgium, there are some important environmental guidelines to follow. Tourists are advised to respect the local flora and fauna, stick to marked trails while hiking or cycling, and avoid littering to help preserve the natural environment. Certain regions may also have specific rules regarding wildlife interaction and fire safety, so it’s advisable to research beforehand or consult with local tourism offices.
With its unassuming charm, Belgium offers an abundance of outdoor delights. Its variety of landscapes, from verdant valleys to serene coastlines, makes this small nation a big draw for nature enthusiasts and adventurers alike. A visit to Belgium ensures a close encounter with nature, wrapped up in European sophistication.
Therein lies the charm of Belgium, a country that captivates the senses and engraves enduring memories in the hearts of its visitors. Whether you are savouring the rich taste of a local beer, indulging in the historic echo of a medieval square, losing yourself in the rugged beauty of the Ardennes, or smiling at the almost childlike joy of biting into a Belgian waffle, you will find that every moment in Belgium weaves a story. This comprehensive travel guide merely scratches the surface of what awaits you. So fold those maps, set your heart on the journey, and step into a world waiting to share its secrets with you. Safe travels to Belgium, where unforgettable experiences are crafted one moment at a time!
